Ferrous alloys and abrasion resistant articles thereof



i United States Patent 3,367,770 FERRDUS ALLOYS AND ABRASION RESESTANT ARTICLES THEREOF Stewart G. Fletcher and Walter T. Haswell, Jr., Latrobe,

Pa., assignors to Latrobe Steel Company, a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Filed Feb. 1, 1965, Ser. No. 429,631 4 Claims. (Cl. 75-126) This invention relates to ferrous articles and abrasion resistant articles thereof and particularly to an inexpensive abrasion resistant alloy which is readily workable and castable. The present invention provides an alloy which is 3,367,770 Patented Feb. 6, 1968 TABLE I C Si Mn P S Ct Mo Ti V WB 70. A, 3. 18 0. 31 0. 76 0. 003 0. 005 6. 69 1. (l2 3. 80 Prior Art 2. 8 0. 0. 70 5. 0 1. 10 4. 5 0

not only abrasive resistant but has excellent impact strength and hardening ability. Such steels have long been sought for fabrication into tools, dies and wear parts which are subject to abrasion and shock and must be frequently redressed and sharpened. We have found that such an alloy can be produced without any of the high cost alloys previously thought indispensable.

Our alloy provides an abrasion resistant readily forgeable and/ or cast alloy which has all of the foregoing qualities. The alloy of our invention is the result of a proper combination of carbon in an amount in excess of that necessary to give the desired hardening ability combined with titanium and vanadium in proportions such that the excess carbon equals V-1 Ti said titanium being present in at least 0.5

Broadly stated, the composition of our invention may have the general composition range of:

Balance substantially iron with residual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that needed to give desired hardenability in a weight ratio of 4: l.

A single preferred composition of our invention for most applications has the composition:

Percent C About 2.7 Cr About 5 Si About 0.3 Mn About 0.7 Mo About 1 Ti About 2.5

Balance substantially iron with residual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in a weight ratio of 4: 1.

The silicon and manganese ranges are not critical and Abrasion tests were carried out on these alloys by directing #70 aluminum oxide grit at constant velocity for 10 minutes at an angle of against a wear surface dimension of 1%" x 2" and the weight. loss determined. The results of these tests appear in Table II.

It will be seen from the foregoing table that the alloy of our invention suffered less percent weight loss than the prior art alloy containing a relatively large amount of expensive vanadium.

While we have described and disclosed certain preferred embodiments of our invention in the foregoing specification, it will be understood that this invention may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.

We claim:

1. An abrasion resistant readily workable and castable alloy of high impact properties consisting essentially of carbon about 1% to 4.25%, silicon about 'l.5% maximum, manganese about 1.5% maximum, chromium about 3.5% to 9.5%, molybdenum less than about 2%, tungsten less than about 3%, cobalt less than about 5%, nickel less than about 3%, vanadium less than about 5%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 0.5% to 5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 and the vanadium with excess carbon in a weight ratio of 4.2 (V-1) :1.

2. An abrasion resistant readily workable and castable alloy of high impact properties consisting essentially of carbon about 2. 7%, silicon about 0.3%, manganese about 0.7%, chromium about 5%, molybdenum about 1%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 2.5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide desired hardening ability in a Weight ratio of 4: l.

3. An article made from a ferrous base metal consisting essentially of carbon about 1% to 4.25 silicon about 1.5 maximum, manganese about 1.5% maximum,

chromium about 3.5% to 9.5%, molybdenum less than about 2%, tungsten less than about 3%, cobalt less than about 5%, nickel less than about 3%, vanadium less than about 5%, sulfur up to about 0.25% titanium about 0.5% to 5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 and the vanadium with excess carbon in a Weight ratio of 4.2 (V-l) 1, said article being characterized by workability, castability, high impact resistance and abrasion resistance.

4. An article made from a ferrous base metal consisting essentially of carbon about 2.7%, silicon about 0.3%, manganese about 0.7%, chromium about 5 molybdenum about 1%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 2.5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 said alloy being characterized by workability, castability, high impact resistance and abrasion resistance.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,972,082 9/1934 Babinet 75-126 X 2,197,955 4/1940 Valenta 75126 2,665,205 1/1954 Klaybor 75-126 3,231,709 1/1966 Foley 7123 X 3,295,966 1/1967 Steven 75-126 FOREIGN PATENTS 121,467 1959 Russia.

DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.

P. WEINSTEIN, Assistant Examiner. 

1. AN ABRASION RESISTANT READILY WORKABLE AND CASTABLE ALLOY OF HIGH IMPACT PROPERTIES CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF CARBON ABOUT 1% TO 4.25%, SILICON ABOUT 1.5% MAXIMUM, MANGANESE ABOUT 1.5% MAXIMUM, CHROMIUM ABOUT 3.5% TO 9.5%, MOLYBDENUM LESS THAN ABOUT 2%, TUNGSTEN LESS THAN ABOUT 3%, COBALT LESS THAN ABOUT 5%, NICKEL LESS THAN ABOUT 3%, VANADIUM LESS THAN ABOUT 5%, SULFUR UP TO ABOUT 0.25%, TITANIUM ABOUT 0.5% TO 5% AND THE BALANCE IRON WITH USUAL IMPURITIES IN ORDINARY AMOUNTS, SAID TITANIUM BEING COMBINED WITH CARBON IN EXCESS OF THAT NECESSARY TO PROVIDE A DESIRED HARDENING ABILITY IN A WEIGHT RATIO OF 4:1 AND THE VANADIUM WITH EXCESS CARBON IN A WEIGHT RATIO OF 4.2 (V-I):1. 